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Subject Headings can save you a lot of time and frustration by limiting to articles that are right on your topic.
A subject heading is an assigned word (or phrase) used in a database to describe a concept. Search using this standardized word instead of keywords, so you do not need to wory about synonyms and spelling variations.
Subject headings yield very precise, focused searches, so as a general rule of thumb, if there is an appropriate subject heading for one of your concepts--USE IT!
Please note: Not all databases have subheadings or allow 'major' headings. Check the Help section of the database for clarification.
Why use subject headings?
Keyword searches can results in a large number of irrelevant results.
Search by subject headings, keywords or both?
Comprehensive searches usually use a combination of both keywords and subject headings
Comparison Chart
Two ways to locate subject headings:
Method 1: Keyword Search Results
Example: PubMed subject headings (called MeSH terms)
Please note: Not all databases have subheadings or allow 'major' headings. Check the Help section of the database for clarification.
Method 2: Browse Thesaurus
Browse the thesaurus (subject heading list), if available.
Most thesauri include:
Example: Subject heading entry in the MeSH thesaurus (PubMed)
Searching with subject headings
Method 1: Field Searching (see the Field Searching tab for an overview)
Default Field Search: Broader search results
The default search in most databases automatically searches the Subject Headings field along with the Title and Abstract fields, so this will give you all the articles with the search terms listed in any of these three fields.
Subject Heading Field Search: More focused search results
Major Subject Heading Field Search: Very focused search results
Example of the field options in CINAHL
Method 2: Search from the Thesaurus
This method is only available in a few databases. Check the Help section of the database for details.
Thanks to the Health Professions Division Library, Nova Southeastern University, for sharing the content of this guide.